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THE WORKING PRINCIPLE OF OPTICAL FIBER - Fiber optic is a glass that is long and thin and the diameter of a human hair. And in the services of several fiber optic bundled in a place called the optical cable, and is used to deliver digital data in the form of rays within very much.
Approximately more than 20 years ago, fiber-optic cable (Fiber Optic) took over and changed the face of the long distance telephone industry technology as well as industrial automation with the remote control. Optical fibers also provide a large part of making the Internet can be used throughout the world. When fiber optics replaced copper (copper) as long distance calls and internet traffic that indirectly have an impact on decreasing the cost of production.
To understand how a fiber-optic cable to work, for example imagine a plastic straws or plastic pipes the length of the flexible large-sized. Imagine the pipe has a length of one hundred meters and you see into from one side of the pipe. One hundred meter on the there a friend turn on the flashlight and directed into pipes. because the inside of the pipe is made of glass, then light the flashlight will be on the other side to reflect on even though the shape of pipe bent or twisted can still be seen on the sides of the reflected light edges. If for example a friend you turn on the light of a flash light on and off like morse code, then you and your friends can communicate over the pipe. Such is the basic principle of fiber optic or commonly known as fiber optic cable.
Core is a thin glass which is a core part of optical fiber in which the delivery of rays.
The cladding is the material surrounding the nucleus that function reflecting the raysback into the core (core).
Buffer Coating is plastic coating that protects the fiber from damage ...
Types of fiber optics:
1. Single-mode fibers
Has a small core (0.00035 diameter inch or 9 micron) and function sends an infra red laser (wavelength of 1300-1550 nano meters).
2. Multi-mode fibers
Have larger nuclei (0.0025 inch in diameter or 62.5 micron) and function sends an infrared laser (wavelength of 850 nano meters-1300)
The Workings Of The Optical Fiber
A fiber optic cable made of fibre glass, so despite cable length up to hundreds of metres, the light can still be transmitted from end to end of the other. Strands of glass fiber designed very smooth, its thickness approximately equal to a thick human hair. Strands of glass fiber coated by 2 layers of plastic (2 layers plastic coating) and coat the glass with plastic fibre, will mirror a equivalen obtained around the glass fiber.
This mirror produces a total internal reflection (total reflection on the inside of the glass fiber), just as if we were in a dark room with a glass window, then you point your flashlight light 90 degrees perpendicular to the glass, then light the flashlight will penetrate into the outdoors. But if the flashlight light directed (window glass) with a low angle (almost parallel with the original light), then the functional glass into mirrors that will reflect the light of a flashlight into the room. so on an optical fiber, the light goes through the glass fiber at low angles.
To send a phone conversation through optical fiber, analog sound in the Fox into digital signals. A laser transmitter at one end of the cable to send the on/off signal every bit. Modern fiber optic system with single laser could be transmitting millions of bits/second. Or it could be said the laser transmitter on and off millions of times/second. The latest laser system transmitter transmitting color can be different colors to transmit various digital signal in the same optical fiber.
Modern fiber optic cable can carry digital signals at a distance of approximately 60 miles (100 Km). On distribution lines over long distances usually there is additional equipment (equipment hut) every 40-60 miles, which serves pick-up equipment that will accommodate, amplifies the signal, and then resend the signal to the next equipment.
Advantages Of Fiber Optic
- Inexpensive: when compared to copper wires in the same length.
- Thinner: have a smaller diameter than copper wires.
- Greater capacity.
- Signal degradation.
- Flammable: do not drain the electricity.
- Flexible.
- Digital signals.